Agriculture versus Horticulture

Horticulture is defined in the strict sense as the science that employs special techniques and methods to cultivate plants, including methods used to properly condition the soil for seed planting or planting tubers. This includes cultivation, plant propagation, breeding of plants, production of crops, plant physiology as well as biochemistry and genetic engineering.

The plants looked at are mainly vegetables, trees, flowers, turf, shrubs, fruits and nuts.

The most notable difference from agriculture is that horticulture deals with small scale gardening and usually in enclosed gardens although this is not a necessity while agriculture is done on large scale with extensive crop cultivation.

Agriculture is the science of growing food crops and rearing animals for farming.

Agriculture actually rearranges this web so that plants are protected for human consumption although plants can be grown specifically for animal (herbivores) consumption like cattle, which is in turn reared for human consumption.

Agriculture can be divided into two categories, which are conventional and sustainable agriculture.

Conventional agriculture deals with modifying some environmental factors like trees, soil tilling, and irrigation and all activities that favor single crop growing especially for crops like wheat, rice and corn.

Sustainable agriculture is where ecological principles are employed in the farming. It is also known as agro-ecology. It aims at sustainable farming practices.

It involves planting of a variety of crops together so the farming garden will never be bare at any time.

Summary:

1. Horticulture strictly involves plant cultivation only while agriculture deals with cultivation of crops as well as animal farming.

2. Horticulture may include plants that are not for human consumption while agriculture mainly focuses on crops for human consumption.

3. Horticulture is done on smaller, enclosed plots while agriculture is done on extensive pieces of land on large scale.

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